In the late 19th century, Bombay was a key import and transshipment port for Russian kerosene. The city’s market was dominated by the Russian product, with American kerosene in a distant second place. The jousting for Indian market share between the two nations unfolded amid geopolitical tensions between Great Britain and Imperial Russia – and gave the U.S. a decisive edge.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited the Republic of Cyprus on June 15-16, and was warmly received by President Christodoulides. Deep in the bilateral connection is an Indian-origin First Lady, Lilla Irene (Erulkar) Clerides, wife of former president Glafkos Clerides. Lilla, an Indian Jew from Bombay, lived through India’s and Cyprus’ independence and Partition. It made her a passionate advocate for the unity of her adopted home.

Mumbai’s iconic Wankhede Stadium was inaugurated in October 1974, making this year its golden anniversary. The first test match was played on its grounds from 23-27 January 1975. It was the last in the India vs. West Indies test series and was memorable for the 242 not-out scored by West Indian batsman Clive Lloyd. It led to such jubilation in the stands that a fan excitedly ran onto the pitch to congratulate him. He was arrested by the Bombay police.

The India Middle-East Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) announced during India’s G20 leaders’ summit in September 2023 aims at security and ease of connectivity by multi-modal physical, digital and energy corridors connecting India, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Israel, and Europe. Like many of the connectivity projects created around the world today, IMEC’s origins are 2,300 years old, ancient routes that connected the Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea

Mumbai and Jakarta share a 200-year history of trade in spices and a once-shared love for Bombay’s silent films. Transnational networks of Indian spice and cloth merchants have marked both cities with their business, culture, and faith. A testimony to this history today is the city’s Indonesian consulate, established in 1951 – just four years after India’s independence.

Mumbai and Antwerp share a history from the 18th century. Traffic between the two ports expanded with Belgium among the top three European countries trading with Bombay. After the Second World War, both cities developed a chemical industrial complex adjoining their ports. Today their centuries-old connections have come full circle with an active collaboration between their port authorities.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi is on an official two-day visit to Poland, the first by an Indian leader in 45 years, commemorating 70 years of India-Poland diplomatic relations. His trip has emotional significance for Poles, as India hosted thousands of Polish refugees during the Second World War. Bombay was the fulcrum from where the rescue, housing, health, and education of Polish children, women, and elderly were undertaken.

Recent changes in Belgian and EU tax law and regulation have resulted in some Antwerp-based Palanpuri Jain diamond traders shifting base to the newly booming Dubai diamond market. But Antwerp dominates the diamond business for this enterprising community, where 400 families continue to stay and use it as a gateway to the European market for diamonds cut and polished in Surat and Mumbai in India.

In Antwerp's global diamond exchanges that trade in rough and polished stones, the Gujarati-speaking Palanpuri Jain merchants are known as intrepid businessmen with a reputation for keeping their word. These traits has enabled them to live and work amongst Hassidic Jewish diamantaires and cutters-polishers who dominated this market. They carved a niche for themselves in small diamonds. Bombay played a key role in their success.

When the 154-year-old man-made Suez Canal became operational, it reduced the voyage between Europe and India from four months to 30 days. It made Egypt the centre for the development of modern tourism in the mid-19th century, attracting entrepreneurs from across empires. A brisk business grew with the Sindhis from the Bombay Presidency, who made the Egyptian free ports and Cairo as their first overseas bases.